iU As poaching in Gorongosa has been stamped out through sustained conservation efforts, the number of baby elephants born tuskless has begun to decrease. Perri Carr describes how she uses BioInteractives elephant resources to teach concepts ranging from biotechnology to genetics to ecology and conservation. This interactive module explores the phases, checkpoints, and protein regulators of the cell cycle. View details . Tusklessness, according to a new paper in Science, can be attributed in large part to a dominant mutation on the X chromosome a genetic change that also explains the sex skew Poole saw. Poachers, she knew, prioritized elephants with the largest tusks. Answers may vary. Suggest some ways to reduce the number of elephants that are illegally killed each year. This interactive module explores the biology of sex determination and development in humans, set against the backdrop of the different sex testing policies implemented throughout sports history. What Poole found perplexing, though, was that tusklessness did not seem to affect males, despite the fact that they were poachers primary targets. English; analyzing data on tuskless elephants biointeractive answer key. Using Data to Investigate Elephant Evolution, The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants, Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephants, Using Genetic Evidence to Identify Ivory Poaching Hotspots. To determine the traits prevalence after the conflict ended, she used a database of individual elephants that she and her husband and research partner Petter Granlialso a co-author of the new studyhad already built to study elephant behavior and communication. This interactive module explores how different animals elephants, birds, and bats have evolved distinct ways of using sound to communicate. hhmi biointeractive tuskless elephants answer key About; Location; Menu; FAQ; Contacts 2. This interactive module explores the diversity of viruses based on structure, genome type, host range, transmission mechanism, replication cycles, and vaccine availability. %PDF-1.6 % After creating an account, educators can save and organize their favorite BioInteractive resources and discover recommendations tailored to their interests. The Making of the Fittest: Natural Selection and Adaptation, The Origin of Species: The Beak of the Finch, Combatting Problem Fatigue Using BioInteractive Case Studies in an AP Environmental Science Course, Exploring Regeneration Using The Planarian, Priming and Prioritizing Facilitated Discussions, Teaching About Infectious Diseases Using the 5E Model, Simplifying Case Studies Using Data Points, HHMI Expands Commitment to Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion, New Online Professional Development Workshops, Introducing a new BioInteractive experience. hb```lRB endstream endobj startxref In this activity, students engage in key science practices that scientists used to figure out ecosystem dynamics in the Serengeti. For context, this course consisted of a three-credit lecture and a one-credit lab. Describe how mutations in a variety of genes can affect the development of internal and external sex characteristics. In this video Dr. Joyce Poole explains a possible reason. Let's Go! %%EOF Gorongosa National Park, students will watch and answer questions about two BioInteractive Scientists at Work videos: the first minute of The Great Elephant Census to learn about poaching, and the entire Selection for Tuskless Elephants video to complete the rest of the activity. Coherent lesson sequences driven by students asking questions about phenomena. Many families lacked older femalesand many of those females had no tusks. Provide evidence-based reasoning that uses available data to support a scientific claim. 316 0 obj <>stream Scientists . Working in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique, Dr. Joyce Poole and colleagues make a striking observation: many female elephants lack tusks. This activity guides the analysis of a published scientific figure from a study that measured species population declines on a global scale. One of the genes, AMELX, is known from decades of basic research in mice and humans to play a role in mammalian tooth development. adaptation, claim, evidence, frequency, phenotype, poaching, population, reasoning, selection, selective pressure, variation. Students use scientific evidence and reasoning to construct an explanation of and develop an argument for tusklessness in elephant populations. Tuskless mothers, on the other hand, had about an equal proportion of daughters with or without tusks (or, in some cases, with a single tusk). The same high-quality resources are now available with new features, including a logged-in experience. video until time 1:46 and answer the following questions. Watch the . Shane Campbell-Staton of Princeton University, co-lead author of the new paper, has spent his career studying the ways that humans force such evolutionary changes across the tree of life. Gorongosas elephant population declined by about 90 percent, from more than 2,500 individuals in 1972 to fewer than 250 in 2000. Students apply what they have learned to evaluate the results of different tests that have been used throughout sports history to qualify female athletes to compete. Discover implementation ideas, lesson sequences, resource modifications, quick tips, and more in this collection of videos and in-depth articles. Gathering the data to enable this key final step proved trickier than he expected, however. Most African elephants have tusks, but some about 2% to 6% of females and even fewer males never grow them. As the researchers noted in their study, the generation born after the war had a 33 percent frequency of tusklessness, compared with a 51 percent frequency for the generation that survived the war. Keep up with the latest from BioInteractive! Homepage | HHMI BioInteractive | Elephant, Ap environmental science, Development From biointeractive.org Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephants This activity builds on information presented in the video Selection for Tuskless Elephants. We know we have a lot of work to do to address racial inequities in science teaching. !: H3d -:Cg Zf d1 6. Hear how educators are using BioInteractive content in their teaching. The Click & Learn uses ongoing debates about the eligibility of certain female athletes to participate in women's events as an entry point . 415 0 obj <> endobj II. The sex ratio of the offspring of tuskless mothers also indicated that the genetics responsible may be lethal for males. This activity explores images of a coral bleaching event, which serve as phenomena for learning about marine ecosystems, human impacts, and climate change. 0 hbbd```b``"WHg -,^ This study is among the first to show that selective killing of large vertebrates can have a direct impact on evolutionary change, says Fanie Pelletier, an ecologist at the University of Sherbrooke in Quebec, who co-authored a perspective piece in Science about the research. The Click & Learn uses ongoing debates about the eligibility of certain female athletes to participate in women's events as an entry point for students to learn the processes involved in human reproductive development. Explain how the selective pressures on a population may impact the frequencies of phenotypes. Researchers have pinpointed how years of civil war and poaching in Mozambique have led to more elephants that will never develop tusks. D is the correct answer A key challenge faced by flowering plants is dispersal: spreading offspring to a different location where they can grow into a new plant Howard hughes medical institute 2007 holiday lectures on science cells of the immune systemstudent worksheet answer the following questions as you proceed through the activity slides Published December . Poole, who is a co-author on the new paper, combed through old natural history films and amateur videos to estimate the prevalence of tusklessness prior to the war. Data Points are useful resources that use figures from the primary literature and guided sets of supporting questions. This video presents an intriguing phenomenon: two patients who carry the same genetic variation, which is known to cause sickle cell disease, have very different outcomes. Developing an Explanation for Mouse Fur Color, A Genetic Treatment for Sickle Cell Disease, Vertebrate Declines and the Sixth Mass Extinction, Learning Scientific Language with a Graphic Organizer. The module also shows how mutations in genes that encode cell cycle regulators can lead to the development of cancer. 2. %PDF-1.6 % In . To learn more about the problems facing African elephants and their recovery in Gorongosa National Park, watch these two BioInteractive Scientists at Work videos: the first minute of The Great Elephant Census and all of Selection for Tuskless Elephants. Scientific Explanation of Evolution by Natural Selection. This tool can be used to add pause points, questions, and labels to any BioInteractive video. Meat Only: 19 b. Tusks Only: 75 c. Meat and Tusks: 27 4. Why Do Some People with the Sickle Cell Genotype Not Have Symptoms? Most African elephants have tusks, but some never grow them especially in places that have a history of poaching, like Gorongosa National Park. Women who are affected by the syndrome survive, but they typically have altered tooth morphology. Total: 129 a. Poaching tips scales of elephant evolution, The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants, Using Genetic Evidence to Identify Ivory Poaching Hotspots, Using Data to Investigate Elephant Evolution, Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephants, Allele and Phenotype Frequencies in Rock Pocket Mouse Populations, Color Variation Over Time in Rock Pocket Mouse Populations, Look Who's Coming for Dinner: Selection by Predation, The Making of the Fittest: Natural Selection and Adaptation, Developing an Explanation for Mouse Fur Color, Simulating Evolution of a Rock Pocket Mouse Population. Natural Selection Published October 2018 www.BioInteractive.org Page 3 of 6 Activity Student Handout Video Activity 7. This activity guides the analysis of a published scientific figure from a study involving illegal elephant poaching. In particular, they often are missing their upper lateral incisorsthe anatomical equivalent of tusks in elephants. Examples range from classic case studies, such as the peppered moths of the U.K. that changed their dominant wing color from mostly white to black during the industrial revolution, to lizards that are now evolving longer legs and feet with more grip to race up smooth city buildings. Analyzing Data on Tuskless Elephants Pre-Video Activity 1. Description. a. Elephant tusks are important for obtaining food and water, and essential to male elephants for competing for mates, so there is a strong natural selection for having tusks. Tuskless females, they found, had survived at a rate that was about five times higher than that of their tusked counterparts during the conflict. Not only do animals die due to poaching, but there is also additional decline because half of the male offspring from the surviving tuskless mothers do not survive., Good agrees that the findings are alarming. It also includes a library of ready-to-use videos with embedded questions. chromosome, differences in sex development (DSD), estrogen, Olympics, ovary, primary/secondary sex characteristic, sex determining region Y (SRY), testes, testosterone, X inactivation. 482 0 obj <>stream Researchers created the model in Figure 1 using data from cell fractionation studies. 452 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<236583C912FAC64F88BAF3D554E36451>]/Index[415 68]/Info 414 0 R/Length 157/Prev 328511/Root 416 0 R/Size 483/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream Resume watching the video until Use evidence-based predictions to explain how a population changes over time due to human impacts. The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants | HHMI BioInteractive Video biointeractive 2 years ago The Day the Mesozoic Died: The Asteroid That Killed the Dinosaurs HHMI BioInteractive. After making these observations, Campbell-Staton decided it was time to use a whole-genome analysis to pinpoint the potential genetic factors. ;X2ELb/6-qRrT3p0=qb3]1#>7}}2D/Q 59E ,;! Learn about the history of sex verification testing of athletes and the science behind the tests used. Like other places that had undergone intense poaching, Gorongosas female elephants exhibited an abnormally high proportion of tusklessness. The human immune system is made up of many cells, organs, and tissues. Campbell-Staton and his co-first author, Brian Arnold of Princeton, were able to join forces with the other researchers to collect blood samples from 18 femalessome with tusks and some withoutthat would meet the genomic requirements for the project. Students will then analyze data to investigate the impact of human activity, namely poaching, on elephant populations. This video follows ecologist Caitlin O'Connell-Rodwell, who is studying how elephants can communicate over long distances using low-frequency sounds that travel both in the air and through the ground. This video follows the work of researchers conducting the first census. Thanks for reading Scientific American. Most immune cells develop from stem cells in the bone marrow. This has left a notable gap in the literature that the new paper helps to fill. Hear how experienced science educators are using BioInteractive resources with their students. The following statement reflects our current and specific actions. View Tusk-less_Elephant_data_analysis_(Sep_17_2020_at_556_PM).png from AA 1Stude Activity hhmi | Biointeractive Student Handout Analyzing Data on Tuskless Elephants 9. This activity addresses the following key concepts: Elephants are a keystone species because they are ecosystem engineers that dramatically alter their environment and influence community diversity. Hhmi Biointeractive Answer Key. Most African elephants have tusks, but some about 2% to 6% of females and even fewer males never grow them. endstream endobj 255 0 obj <. Propose a claim supported by scientific evidence to answer a research question. hb```lJB The more killing there was, the more tuskless females you got. Some prevent pathogens from entering the body, and some attack pathogens already inside the body. Description This video follows Joyce Poole and other scientists working in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique, who made the striking observation that many female elephants lack tusks. It engages students in analyzing data to make evidence-based claims about the occurrence of tusklessness in elephant populations. Elephant Evolution and Adaptation. Africa, adaptation, Gorongosa, microevolution, scientific methodology, scientific process, selective pressure, trait. Instead of having sons and daughters at an equal proportion, tuskless mothers gave birth to daughters roughly two thirds of the time. Poaching tips scales of elephant evolution, The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants, Using Genetic Evidence to Identify Ivory Poaching Hotspots, Using Data to Investigate Elephant Evolution, Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephants, Moth Mimicry: Using Ultrasound to Avoid Bats. rev-a-shelf 6942-28-11-52; stride rite sandals baby girl; five spice beef noodle soup Anatomy & Physiology Scientific Skills & Literacy Click & Learn High School General High School AP/IB College Selection for Tuskless Elephants The immune system responds to pathogens in two main ways: innate and adaptive immune responses. These declines may be a part of Earths next mass extinction. If you're interested in using facilitated discussions to promote scientific literacy and empower students to make evidence-based decisions, this article from professor Holly Basta details how she restructured her course to promote student questioning and talk. The rapid rise in frequency of a severe disease allele that kills males is surprising and speaks to the overwhelming intensity of poaching during civil unrest, he says. 0 PART 2: Video Activity . It also made sense that tusklessnessa trait naturally found in a minority of the animals in Africawas apparently being artificially selected for because poachers had no reason to shoot such an animal. Of tuskless mothers also indicated that the genetics responsible may be lethal for males first census and recommendations. To 6 % of females and even fewer males never grow them,... Elephants exhibited an abnormally high proportion of tusklessness in elephant populations population declined by about 90 percent, more... 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